决策者｜APEC助力秘鲁融入亚太地区一体化|秘鲁_新浪财经

Editor's notes: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Cesar Landa is the former foreign minister of Peru. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.

编者按：CGTN“决策者”专栏是一个全球平台，供决策者分享他们对影响当今世界之事件的见解。本文作者为秘鲁前外交部长塞萨尔·兰达。文章仅代表作者的观点，而非本台观点。

After Peru became an independent Republic, the liberator Jose de San Martin enacted the Provisional Trade Regulation in 1821, highlighting the advantages of the Port of Callao's communication with Asia and European interests in exploiting Peruvian natural resources. Now, 200 years later, APEC Peru 2024, held in Lima, presents a crucial opportunity for Peru, as a key part of South America, to consolidate its strategic position in Asia and the Pacific.

秘鲁独立并成立共和国后，鉴于卡亚俄港同亚洲的交通优势，以及欧洲各国对开发秘鲁自然资源的兴趣，解放者何塞·德·圣马丁于1821年颁布了《临时贸易法规》。两百多年后，2024年亚太经合组织（APEC）领导人非正式会议在秘鲁首都利马举行。作为南美洲的重要一员，本次会议为巩固秘鲁在亚太地区的战略地位提供了重要机遇。

Peru's involvement in this forum not only reinforces its commitment to multilateral cooperation but also enables it to project its economic foreign policy toward strengthening bilateral and multilateral ties with major economies. By expanding existing trade agreements, exploring new markets in the Asia-Pacific region, and attracting foreign direct investment in strategic sectors like sustainable mining and agribusiness, Peru aims to establish itself as a key partner in the region.

参与APEC会议，不仅使秘鲁加强其多边合作承诺，同时也促使其制定适合的经济外交政策，以加强与主要经济体的双边和多边关系。秘鲁旨在通过扩大现有贸易协定、探索亚太地区新市场以及在可持续矿产和农业企业等战略领域吸引外国直接投资等举措，使其成为亚太地区的重要合作伙伴。

Regional economic integration

区域经济一体化

As the host of APEC 2024, Peru has a unique opportunity to influence the course of economic integration in Asia and the Pacific, a region characterized by growing trade and digital interconnectedness. Amid uncertainty and geopolitical tensions, Peru can take a leadership role by promoting free and fair trade, fostering multilateral agreements that reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, and facilitating the exchange of goods and services.

作为2024年APEC会议东道主，秘鲁有难得的机会，可以对亚太地区经济一体化产生影响。该地区经济呈现出贸易增长和数字化联通的特点。在全球面临不确定性以及地缘政治紧张的背景下，秘鲁可以通过促进自由和公平贸易、促进减少关税和非关税壁垒的多边协议，以及促进商品和服务的贸易来发挥领导作用。

Furthermore, enhancing digital connectivity will be a top priority, as the transition to a digitized economy and trade in the region serves as a development lever for countries like Peru. Additionally, promoting cooperation in sustainability and resilience, especially in the face of climate change and food security challenges, will allow Peru to establish itself as a leader in advancing inclusive and sustainable growth.

此外，促进数字连接是本次会议的一个首要议题。亚太地区向数字化经济和贸易的转型也将成为秘鲁等国家的发展跳板。与此同时，促进各国可持续性和韧性等方面的合作，特别是应对气候变化和粮食安全的挑战，将使秘鲁有机会成为促进包容性和可持续增长的领导者。

Strategic cooperation: Sustainable development and technology

战略合作：可持续发展与技术

The cooperation between Peru and China within the framework of APEC has emerged as a fundamental pillar for strengthening bilateral relations and sustainable economic development for both nations. As part of this cooperation, the trade relationship between the two countries has grown exponentially, with bilateral trade volume rising to $37.691 billion in 2023, while China has been Peru's largest trading partner and largest export market for 10 consecutive years. In this context, the trade of key product categories such as minerals, agricultural products, and fisheries has been vital for Peru's economic growth, while China benefits from a stable supply of essential raw materials for its industries.

秘中两国在亚太经合组织框架内的合作已成为两国双边关系和经济可持续发展的重要支柱。得益于这一合作关系，两国之间的贸易额呈指数级增长。2023年双边贸易额高达376.91亿美元，与此同时，中国已经连续10年成为秘鲁最大贸易伙伴和最大出口市场。在此背景下，矿产、农产品和渔业产品等关键品类贸易对秘鲁经济增长至关重要。中国也从中获益，得到工业所需重要原材料的稳定供应。

Cooperation extends beyond trade. A prime example in the infrastructure field is the Chancay mega-port project – one of a kind on the southern Pacific coast – financed by both Chinese and Peruvian capital. This megaproject will not only establish Peru as a crucial hub for regional connectivity in the Pacific, but also foster a development center that enhances the country's logistics capabilities and facilitates trade between Latin America and Asia.

两国合作远超贸易范畴。一个突出的案例就是在基础设施领域钱凯港口项目的落地。在中国和秘鲁资本的支持下，该港口将成为南太平洋沿岸独一无二的大型港口。这一大型项目不仅将使秘鲁成为太平洋地区互联互通的关键节点，还将打造一个全新的发展中心，增强秘鲁的物流能力，进而促进拉丁美洲和亚洲之间的贸易。

Peruvian President Dina Ercilia Boluarte Zegarra (L4) welcomes initial shipment of port equipment to Chancay, Peru, June 14, 2024. /CMG

Another area where Peru and China can deepen their strategic ties is through cooperation for sustainable development driven by technological innovation. As a global leader in advanced technology, China can share its expertise and facilitate the transfer of digital and robotic technologies in critical sectors like sustainable agriculture, mining, and manufacturing. This collaboration will help Peru modernize its production processes, boost the competitiveness of its exports, and promote the growth of a more diverse and inclusive sustainable economy.

通过技术创新合作促进可持续发展是秘鲁和中国深化战略关系的另一领域。中国作为先进技术的全球领导者，可以在可持续农业、采矿业和制造业等关键领域分享经验，并促进数字技术和机器人技术的转让。这将使秘鲁能够实现生产流程的现代化，提高出口竞争力，并促进更加多元化和包容性的可持续经济增长。

The strategic priority of the bilateral relationship with China in terms of sustainable development and technology should center on maximizing the benefits of trade, investment, and horizontal cooperation. Specifically, it is important to advance the development agenda in multilateral forums, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.

在可持续发展和技术方面，与中国的双边关系的战略重点应该集中在将贸易、投资和横向合作的利益最大化。双方推动《2030年可持续发展议程》、《联合国工商企业与人权指导原则》等国际多边发展议程尤为重要。

The Belt and Road Initiative in Peru

“一带一路”倡议联结中秘

In this context, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), driven by China, serves as a key platform for cooperation in the development of the Global South. Through this initiative, China aims to strengthen the global network of infrastructure, connectivity, and trade that seeks to integrate countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America more closely. Peru has a strong interest in participating in the BRI, recognizing that this platform not only facilitates access to new investment opportunities in infrastructure and trade but also opens doors for greater cooperation with the emerging economies of the Global South.

在此背景下，中国推动的“一带一路”倡议为“全球南方”的发展合作提供了重要平台。通过这一倡议，中国将加强全球基础设施、互联互通和贸易网络，使亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲国家更加紧密地融合在一起。秘鲁对参与共建“一带一路”始终保持着浓厚兴趣，并认识到这一倡议不仅有助于秘鲁获得基础设施和贸易方面新的投资机会，而且还为其与“全球南方”的新兴经济体加强合作打开了大门。

Rooted in its historical multilateral foreign policy, Peru views the Belt and Road Initiative as a chance to enhance its commercial and political relationships, not just with China but also with other economies in the Global South. By participating in multilateral forums like APEC and maintaining a strong commitment to international agreements on environmental and human rights, Peru is well-positioned to reap the benefits of this global infrastructure network within a more equitable and collaborative global framework.

秘鲁基于其传统的多边外交政策，将“一带一路”倡议视为加强其同中国、乃至“全球南方”其他经济体商业和政治联系的机会。通过积极参与亚太经合组织等多边论坛、坚定履行环境和人权方面的国际协定，秘鲁将充分发挥优势，在更为公正、互相合作的全球框架下享受“一带一路”倡议搭建起的国际基础设施网络带来的硕果。