随着价格优势扩大亚洲购买更多中东原油|原油_新浪财经

原标题：随着价格优势扩大亚洲购买更多中东原油

　　中国石化新闻网讯据烃加工11月2日消息，中东原油出口国正在关键的亚洲地区重建市场份额，这一趋势可能会持续下去，因为当地原油相对于大西洋盆地原油价格优势跃升至8年来的最高水平。

　　沙特阿拉伯、伊拉克和科威特等中东主要出口国看到亚洲对其原油的需求增加，而美国、欧洲和非洲的产油国则受到兴趣下降的影响。

　　这一趋势是由大西洋盆地原油主要价格基准的强劲反弹推动的，布伦特原油期货周一收于84.55美元/桶，较去年年底上涨了63.2%，而西德克萨斯中质原油(WTI)收于84.05美元/桶，今年迄今上涨了73.2%。

　　尽管中东主要原油价格今年也大幅上涨，但与大西洋盆地的两份主要合约相比，目前的价格存在大幅折扣。

　　衡量这一点的一个指标是布伦特-迪拜交易所(Brent-Dubai Exchange)的掉期交易，该交易周一升至5.24美元/桶，这是自2013年9月以来布伦特原油对迪拜的最高溢价。

　　实际上，这意味着任何一家亚洲炼油厂现在想要购买的石油，都能够以远低于美国、非洲或欧洲的价格购买中东品级的石油。

　　与从非洲西海岸、欧洲北海、美国海湾出发相比，从中东出发的航程要短得多，因此运费也会更低。

　　原油现货价格证实了当前的动态，尼日利亚邦尼轻质原油周一收于85.35美元/桶，阿布扎比穆尔班(Murban)原油收于80.51美元/桶，折扣4.84美元，是9月底1.95美元的两倍多。

　　目前的定价可能会在未来几个月的原油流动中体现出来，因为货物通常会提前两个月安排。

　　然而，鉴于最近中东原油相对于大西洋原油价格较低的趋势，流向亚洲的趋势已经很明显。

　　中东收益

　　据Refinitiv Oil Research汇编的数据，10月份中东在亚洲进口中所占份额从9月份的59.1%升至61.6%，远高于2021年5月份的低点54%。

　　相比之下，10月份，包括美洲和欧洲在内的西方国家的原油份额降至19%，为今年以来的最低水平， 2月份的峰值为28.8%。

　　10月份，非洲在亚洲进口中所占的份额也有所下降，降至8.4%，也是今年以来的最低水平，低于4月份13.3%的峰值。

　　寻求更便宜的中东原油的亚洲炼油商面临的问题是，这样做可能会缩小对其他品级原油的折扣，或者遇到可用货物短缺的情况。

　　根据欧佩克+组织的协议，从8月到12月，中东主要出口国一直在增加产量，每月增产40万桶/天。

　　全球最大石油出口国沙特阿拉伯10月日产量较9月增加10万桶，伊拉克日产量增加7万桶，阿拉伯联合酋长国日产量增加4万桶，科威特日产量增加3万桶。

　　值得注意的是，欧佩克10月份的产量并没有达到在更广泛的欧佩克+协议条款下所能达到的水平，但这在很大程度上是因为包括尼日利亚和赤道几内亚在内的非洲成员国的产量下降。

　　裘寅编译自烃加工

　　原文如下：

　　Asia is buying more Middle East crudes as price advantage widens

　　Middle East crude oil exporters are re-building market share in the key Asia region, a trend likely to continue as the price advantage of local grades against those from the Atlantic Basin jumps to the most in eight yrs.

　　Top Middle East exporters such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Kuwait are seeing increased demand for their crude from Asia, while producers in the United States, Europe and Africa are suffering declining interest.

　　This dynamic is being driven by the strong rally in the main price benchmarks for Atlantic Basin crudes, with Brent futures ending at $84.55 a bbl on Monday, up 63.2% since the end of last yr, while West Texas Intermediate (WTI) finished at $84.05, up 73.2% so far this yr.

　　While key Middle East crude prices have also risen sharply this year, they are now priced at substantial discounts to the two main Atlantic Basin contracts.

　　One measure of this is the Brent-Dubai Exchange for swaps, which rose to $5.24 a bbl on Monday, the highest premium for Brent over Dubai since September 2013.

　　Effectively, this means any Asian-based refiner looking to buy oil today will be able to buy Middle East grades far cheaper than those from the United States, Africa or Europe.

　　They will also enjoy cheaper freight costs given that the Middle East is a far shorter sea voyage than coming from the west coast of Africa, Europe's North Sea or the U.S. Gulf.

　　Looking at physical spot prices for crude confirms the current dynamic, with Nigerian Bonny Light ending at $85.35 a bbl on Monday, while Abu Dhabi's Murban finished at $80.51, a discount of $4.84, which is more than double the $1.95 it was at the end of September.

　　The current pricing is likely to show up in crude flows in coming months, given cargoes are generally arranged up to two months in advance.

　　However, given the recent trend of cheaper Middle East crude relative to Atlantic grades, a shift in flows to Asia is already evident.

　　Middle East Gains

　　The Middle East's share of Asia's imports rose to 61.6% in October, up from 59.1% in September and well above the 2021 low of just 54% in May, according to data compiled by Refinitiv Oil Research.

　　In contrast, the share of crude from the West, which includes the Americas and Europe, dropped to 19% in October, the lowest this yr and down from peak share of 28.8% in February.

　　Africa's share of Asia's imports also dropped in October, slipping to 8.4%, also the lowest this yr and down from the peak share of 13.3% in April.

　　The issue for Asian refiners seeking cheaper Middle East crude is that in doing so they are likely to narrow the discount to other grades, or run into a lack of available cargoes.

　　Top Middle East exporters have been increasing output in line with the agreement by the OPEC+ group to lift production by 400,000 barrels per day (bpd) each month from August to December.

　　Saudi Arabia, the world's top exporter, boosted output by 100,000 bpd in October from September, while Iraq increased production by 70,000 bpd, the United Arab Emirates by 40,000 bpd and Kuwait by 30,000 bpd.

　　It's worth noting that the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) didn't lift output in October by as much as it could have under the terms of the wider OPEC+ agreement, but this was largely because of lower production in its African members, including Nigeria and Equatorial Guinea.