今年全球液体燃料生产中断的情况有所增加|EIA_新浪财经

原标题：今年全球液体燃料生产中断的情况有所增加

中国石化新闻网讯据烃加工网10月14日报道，自去年以来，石油输出国组织(欧佩克)成员国和非石油输出国组织国家的原油和凝析油生产受到中断。这些中断导致了液体燃料供应的减少，再加上欧佩克和同盟国同意的原油减产，导致了6月份以来全球液体燃料库存的减少。

2020年到目前为止，每月石油供应中断日均为460万桶，6月份达到了520万桶，这是自2011年以来的最高水平，当时美国能源信息署(EIA)开始跟踪每月的液体燃料生产中断情况。2019年，全球石油供应中断日均为310万桶。EIA在计算供应中断时，并未将因经济原因关闭油田或石油需求下降计算在内。

主要来自美国和加拿大的非欧佩克产油国8月石油供应中断升至近80万桶/日。在加拿大，由于生产现场爆发冠状病毒疫情，操作人员命令非必要工作人员停止工作，导致生产中断。在美国，飓风造成的中断和计划外的维护影响了今年夏天的石油生产。其他非欧佩克国家由于各种原因，如工人中爆发冠状病毒、在疫情期间运送工人或设备的后勤问题、加拿大实地作业中的火灾或其他自然灾害，造成了临时的关闭。

EIA在其《短期能源展望》（STEO）中发布了历史上计划外的生产中断估计。在对中断的估计中，EIA区分了由于计划外的生产中断，永久性生产能力损失和自愿性生产削减而导致的产量下降。 EIA对计划外中断的估算是根据估算的有效生产能力（一年内可以提供的供应水平）与估算的生产量之间的差计算得出的。

郝芬译自烃加工

原文如下：

Global liquid fuels production outages have increased in 2020

Disruptions to crude oil and condensate production from members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and non-OPEC countries have risen considerably since last year. These outages have contributed to reduced liquid fuel supply and, along with crude oil production declines agreed to among OPEC and partner countries (OPEC+), have contributed to global liquid fuels inventory draws since June.

So far in 2020, monthly oil supply disruptions have averaged 4.6 MM barrels per day (bpd) and reached 5.2 MM bpd in June, the highest monthly levels since at least 2011, when the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) began tracking monthly liquids production outages. Global oil supply disruptions averaged 3.1 MM bpd in 2019. EIA does not include field closures for economic reasons or oil demand declines in its accounting of supply disruptions.

Non-OPEC oil supply disruptions, mostly from the United States and Canada, rose to nearly 800,000 bpd in August. Disruptions in Canada occurred when operators ordered nonessential staff to stop work because of coronavirus outbreaks at production sites. In the United States, hurricane-related disruptions and unplanned maintenance affected oil production this summer. Other non-OPEC countries experienced temporary field closures for various reasons such as coronavirus outbreaks among workers, logistical issues moving workers or equipment during the pandemic, fires at field operations in Canada, or other natural disasters.

EIA publishes historical unplanned production outage estimates in its Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). In its estimates of outages, EIA differentiates among declines in production resulting from unplanned production outages, permanent losses of production capacity, and voluntary production cutbacks. EIA’s estimates of unplanned production outages are calculated as the difference between estimated effective production capacity (the level of supply that could be available within one year) and estimated production.